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Introduction Aldose reductase ALR is
2024-09-02
Introduction Aldose reductase (ALR2) is the first enzyme of the polyol pathway that catalyzes the reduction of glucose to sorbitol utilizing NADPH as a cofactor. The intracellular accumulation of sorbitol, due to increased aldose reductase activity at high blood glucose levels, such as those occurr
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Cancer stem cells CSCs may have been
2024-09-02
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may have been first identified in teratocarcinomas [11], [12], with its initial clues date back to the 19th century [13]. Kleinsmith and Pierce [12] established the immortal pluripotent teratocarcinoma lines from a single transplanted multi-potent malignant cell, strongly su
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The reduced IFN production seen
2024-08-31
The reduced IFNγ production seen with BPAL10-primed splenocytes could potentially be attributed to the impaired intracellular survival of B. pertussis, thereby leading to a weakened induction of cell-mediated immunity. Earlier studies have suggested an antimicrobial role of IFNγ in mediating the eli
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br A Rs which were cloned and then pharmacologically
2024-08-31
A3Rs, which were cloned and then pharmacologically identified in the early 1990s, are expressed in multiple organs and peripheral tissues including UCF 101 involved in inflammatory responses (Gessi et al., 2008, Borea et al., 2014). While low levels are expressed in the CNS, A3R agonists produce
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Does dietary caffeine interfere with antinociception by othe
2024-08-31
(8) Does dietary caffeine interfere with antinociception by other modalities that alter pain (TENS, exercise, joint mobilization, water immersion therapy)? Caffeine and/or A1R antagonists inhibit antinociception by each of these modalities in preclinical studies, such that there is potential for int
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br Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of
2024-08-31
Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of natural products mainly due to their wide distribution in the nature, estimated to range from 1.5 to 5.1 million species in the world [1]. Secondary metabolites from fungi represent a substantial fraction of drugs and drug models in pharmaceutical
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Although ACE genetic variance does not
2024-08-31
Although ACE genetic variance does not influence the level of bradykinin significantly, the bradykinin level tends to be affected by ACE inhibitor therapy used by patients. ACE inhibitor reduces the ACE activity that may lead to the accumulation of serum bradykinin. The level of bradykinin tends to
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HT receptors are distributed throughout the
2024-08-31
5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and jnk inhibitors (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 1989, Bufton
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A variety of quinazoline or
2024-08-31
A variety of quinazoline or fused pyrimidine-substituted diaminotriazoles showed sub-100nM inhibition of Axl (). Diaminotriazoles similarly substituted with quinolines, isoquinolines and benzothiazoles also showed potent Axl activity (data not shown), but generally exhibited potent cytotoxicity and
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The synthesis of compounds in which
2024-08-31
The synthesis of compounds in which the ethyl linker has been modified to the carbamate and urea derivatives , and is shown in . Thus the diamine was reacted with glycolic 360A australia to give the alcohol followed by Mitsunobu reaction with phthalimide to give . Deprotection with hydrazine ga
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br Acknowledgments This work was supported
2024-08-31
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. 15-Lipoxygenase 1 (15-LOX-1) is a nonheme, iron-containing enzyme predominantly expressed in reticulocytes, eosinophils, macrophages, mast cells, and bronchial epithelial cells . 15-LOX-1 is a key enzyme involved
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br Materials and Methods br
2024-08-31
Materials and Methods Results Discussion 15-HETE is a predominant eicosanoid in pulmonary vascular remodeling, and it could promote hypoxia-induced PAH via its involvement in the regulation of proliferation and cell cycle progression in PASMCs. To understand its role in HPH, we have previou
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Molecular docking quantitative structure activity relationsh
2024-08-31
Molecular docking, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) and high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) studies have a very widespread use in computer-assisted drug design.25, 26, 27, 28 Suvannang et al. used the published X-ray crystallographic data to examine known aromatase inhibitors
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Echinocandin resistance is systematically associated with po
2024-08-31
Echinocandin resistance is systematically associated with point mutations in either FSK1 or FSK2 genes [7], [104]. These mutations are located in two different not spot regions of these genes named HS1 and HS2. Hot spot mutations have been reported in C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krus
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br Combination Effective RAS inhibition
2024-08-30
Combination Effective RAS inhibition, which is important for Ristocetin A sulfate control as well for the management of associated illnesses, can be produced through proper selection and dose maintenance and also by the combination with other antihypertensive agents along with continuous monitor
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